Guest module discovery skipped the input executable and the
--executable check rejected an executable converted twice through
std::filesystem::equivalent, which MinGW reports as false for hard links
whose names give different permissions, such as .bin and .exe. Move the
GetFileInformationByHandle comparison to Io::SameFile and use it for
these checks and for SameOutputFile.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
MinGW's std::filesystem::equivalent returns false for hard links whose
names give different permissions, such as .elf and .exe. The temporary
hard-link probe that worked around it failed on read-only files and on
directories that refuse the link. Compare the volume serial number and
file index from GetFileInformationByHandle instead.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Ruffle (PPSA68091), VLC (PPSA85300) and XPSemu (PPSA97358) read
app0/imports.txt, whose import slot addresses assume the executable's
lowest ELF load page at 0x400000, and dereference them at once. macOS
output always placed that page at 0x140010000, so all three fault on
their first slot read. Linux and Windows have --linux-fixed-base and
--windows-fixed-base for this; macOS had no equivalent.
--macos-fixed-base <address> builds the load image so that the lowest
ELF load page is at the address, as --windows-fixed-base does. The
Mach-O header takes the 64 KiB below it and __PAGEZERO ends there. The
executable is MH_EXECUTE without MH_PIE, so dyld does not slide it. The
address must be 64 KiB aligned, from 0x20000 through 0x7fffffff0000,
and an image ending past the macOS user address space is refused.
Fresh outputs whose names differ only in case, or that the volume treats as the same name otherwise, were not detected outside Windows. On default macOS APFS, for example, Ä/ä, Ω/ω, Ж/ж and canonically equivalent NFC/NFD names refer to the same file, so one output silently overwrote another.
Outside Windows, create the first name in an identity directory next to the outputs and check whether the second name resolves to it. This lets the filesystem decide instead of folding text, so case-sensitive volumes still report distinct names.
A per-game relinker-patches.toml (or --patches) replaces verified bytes in
the input executable and bundled modules before conversion. Entries are
checked against the expected bytes and against every in-place writer,
the ELF header range and relocation targets. An <output-stem>.patches.toml
manifest records the applied entries, and --verify-patches checks an input
or a converted output. With no patch file the output is unchanged.
The runtime layout printed ../app0/sce_module/... under app0/ when the
output path contained . or .. components (./out.elf), because the module
paths are normal and the output directory was not.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The executables were written with the default file mode (0644 under a
022 umask). The documented chmod covered app.elf, but not the outputs of
--executable, so RetroArch (PPSA99169) converted with
--executable picker/picker.bin --executable es-de/es-de.bin stopped as
soon as it started its picker:
sceSystemServiceLoadExec: execv failed: Permission denied
Every executable output now gets execute permission for owner, group and
others after it is written, as --autorun already did for app.elf. With
it RetroArch starts the picker, and the picker starts ES-DE.
An existing directory, or a path ending in a separator, was only
rejected when the executable was written, after the converted modules
had already been written to app0/ beside or inside it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
With --trace-imports the entry stub resolves TraceImport_nid_no_patch
in libc.prx and passes each function import through it before writing
the slot: every PLT slot, and a GOT slot only when the original symbol
is a function, so data imports such as __stdoutp keep their address.
Without the option the output is unchanged.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The relinker's repeatable --executable converts another executable of the
title beside the output, sharing its libs, app0 and guest modules.
sceSystemServiceLoadExec maps /app0 paths to those executables, passes the
argument list on the new command line and finds the main executable through
APS5_EBOOT. RetroArch (PPSA99169) starts its frontend picker this way.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The AMD-only converter moves the instructions next to a short AMD-only
instruction into its stub, and refuses to move one that a branch
enters. It knew only direct jump and call targets, so a switch case
entered through a jump table could land inside the jump written over
the moved instructions.
The converter now also reads relative jump tables: a RIP-relative LEA
whose address lies in a loaded segment starts a table of 32-bit
offsets from that address, read while each target starts an
instruction of the segment being converted. To read them, Convert
takes the program headers and converts their executable load
segments; the relinker passes all headers, and
ElfReader::ReadCodeSegments, now unused, is removed.
The converter test builds a dispatch through such a table whose second
case enters the instruction after a 4-byte 256-bit store, and checks
that the store takes the instruction before it instead. It also checks
that reading stops at an entry that does not start an instruction,
that only a LEA forms a table address, that tables are read only
inside loaded segments, that only executable load segments are
converted, and that a segment past the end of the file fails the
conversion.
PPSA12544: one 256-bit store in Il2cppUserAssemblies moved the
instruction after it, which is case 1 of a switch; it now goes through
an island. The other relinked files are unchanged.
AI-assisted: yes
Rosetta 2 ends the process when an unaligned 256-bit store crosses into
a page the store may not write ("rosetta error: unexpectedly need to
EmulateForward on a synchronous exception") instead of raising the
fault. A store inside such a page, and a 128-bit store across one,
fault normally. The macOS write watch keeps watched pages read-only
between collections, so a guest that stores 32 bytes across the start
of a watched page ends the process.
--to-rosetta now lowers VMOVUPS, VMOVUPD and VMOVDQU with a 256-bit
memory destination to a stub that stores the low half with the same
instruction at VEX.L=0 and the high half with VEXTRACTF128 at the
operand plus 16, so each half faults like any other store. RIP-relative
operands are relocated from the instruction's place in the site. A
store whose upper half has no 32-bit displacement fails the conversion.
Aligned stores (VMOVAPS, VMOVAPD, VMOVDQA and the non-temporal forms)
cannot cross a page and are left alone.
Every store is lowered. A 4-byte store has no room for the jump to its
stub, so its stub also takes one neighbouring instruction. The
following one: a return ends the stub, a call pushes its original
return address and jumps, a jump or conditional branch is re-encoded
with a 32-bit displacement, and another 256-bit store is lowered in the
same stub. Otherwise the preceding one, unless it is a call, a jump, a
return or a trap. Register calls, LOOP, JRCXZ and branches with a
prefix that changes them do not move. When neither neighbour can move,
the store becomes a short jump to an island: a run of movable
instructions within reach is moved to its own stub, and the bytes it
frees hold the jump to the store's stub. A store with neither fails the
conversion.
The converter tests compare the halves with clang's encodings for base,
SIB, disp8 overflowing to disp32, disp32, RSP-relative, FS-absolute,
r13-based and RIP-relative operands, and check that aligned stores,
loads, register forms and masked stores are not split. They check the
stub of a short store followed by a return, a call (direct, with an
address-size prefix, and through a RIP-relative pointer), short, near
and RIP-relative jumps, short and near conditional branches and another
store; that a following register call, LOOP, JRCXZ, prefixed branch or
CLWB makes the store take the instruction before it; islands past
instructions already moved, a store that needs its own stub, a branch
target, a register call and the short-jump reach; and that a store with
no room fails.
PPSA12544: 55295 stores split in the executable, 278 of them in the
stub of the store before them; every module converts with none kept.
AI-assisted: yes
The Linux desktop entry was written for every non-Windows output, macOS
included since --macos landed. It is now written only for Linux output,
and its paths go through Io::NativePath/Utf8Path like the rest of the
relinker. An end-to-end test relinks for Linux, macOS and Windows.
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
