The executables were written with the default file mode (0644 under a
022 umask). The documented chmod covered app.elf, but not the outputs of
--executable, so RetroArch (PPSA99169) converted with
--executable picker/picker.bin --executable es-de/es-de.bin stopped as
soon as it started its picker:
sceSystemServiceLoadExec: execv failed: Permission denied
Every executable output now gets execute permission for owner, group and
others after it is written, as --autorun already did for app.elf. With
it RetroArch starts the picker, and the picker starts ES-DE.
An existing directory, or a path ending in a separator, was only
rejected when the executable was written, after the converted modules
had already been written to app0/ beside or inside it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
With --trace-imports the entry stub resolves TraceImport_nid_no_patch
in libc.prx and passes each function import through it before writing
the slot: every PLT slot, and a GOT slot only when the original symbol
is a function, so data imports such as __stdoutp keep their address.
Without the option the output is unchanged.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The relinker's repeatable --executable converts another executable of the
title beside the output, sharing its libs, app0 and guest modules.
sceSystemServiceLoadExec maps /app0 paths to those executables, passes the
argument list on the new command line and finds the main executable through
APS5_EBOOT. RetroArch (PPSA99169) starts its frontend picker this way.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The AMD-only converter moves the instructions next to a short AMD-only
instruction into its stub, and refuses to move one that a branch
enters. It knew only direct jump and call targets, so a switch case
entered through a jump table could land inside the jump written over
the moved instructions.
The converter now also reads relative jump tables: a RIP-relative LEA
whose address lies in a loaded segment starts a table of 32-bit
offsets from that address, read while each target starts an
instruction of the segment being converted. To read them, Convert
takes the program headers and converts their executable load
segments; the relinker passes all headers, and
ElfReader::ReadCodeSegments, now unused, is removed.
The converter test builds a dispatch through such a table whose second
case enters the instruction after a 4-byte 256-bit store, and checks
that the store takes the instruction before it instead. It also checks
that reading stops at an entry that does not start an instruction,
that only a LEA forms a table address, that tables are read only
inside loaded segments, that only executable load segments are
converted, and that a segment past the end of the file fails the
conversion.
PPSA12544: one 256-bit store in Il2cppUserAssemblies moved the
instruction after it, which is case 1 of a switch; it now goes through
an island. The other relinked files are unchanged.
AI-assisted: yes
Rosetta 2 ends the process when an unaligned 256-bit store crosses into
a page the store may not write ("rosetta error: unexpectedly need to
EmulateForward on a synchronous exception") instead of raising the
fault. A store inside such a page, and a 128-bit store across one,
fault normally. The macOS write watch keeps watched pages read-only
between collections, so a guest that stores 32 bytes across the start
of a watched page ends the process.
--to-rosetta now lowers VMOVUPS, VMOVUPD and VMOVDQU with a 256-bit
memory destination to a stub that stores the low half with the same
instruction at VEX.L=0 and the high half with VEXTRACTF128 at the
operand plus 16, so each half faults like any other store. RIP-relative
operands are relocated from the instruction's place in the site. A
store whose upper half has no 32-bit displacement fails the conversion.
Aligned stores (VMOVAPS, VMOVAPD, VMOVDQA and the non-temporal forms)
cannot cross a page and are left alone.
Every store is lowered. A 4-byte store has no room for the jump to its
stub, so its stub also takes one neighbouring instruction. The
following one: a return ends the stub, a call pushes its original
return address and jumps, a jump or conditional branch is re-encoded
with a 32-bit displacement, and another 256-bit store is lowered in the
same stub. Otherwise the preceding one, unless it is a call, a jump, a
return or a trap. Register calls, LOOP, JRCXZ and branches with a
prefix that changes them do not move. When neither neighbour can move,
the store becomes a short jump to an island: a run of movable
instructions within reach is moved to its own stub, and the bytes it
frees hold the jump to the store's stub. A store with neither fails the
conversion.
The converter tests compare the halves with clang's encodings for base,
SIB, disp8 overflowing to disp32, disp32, RSP-relative, FS-absolute,
r13-based and RIP-relative operands, and check that aligned stores,
loads, register forms and masked stores are not split. They check the
stub of a short store followed by a return, a call (direct, with an
address-size prefix, and through a RIP-relative pointer), short, near
and RIP-relative jumps, short and near conditional branches and another
store; that a following register call, LOOP, JRCXZ, prefixed branch or
CLWB makes the store take the instruction before it; islands past
instructions already moved, a store that needs its own stub, a branch
target, a register call and the short-jump reach; and that a store with
no room fails.
PPSA12544: 55295 stores split in the executable, 278 of them in the
stub of the store before them; every module converts with none kept.
AI-assisted: yes
The Linux desktop entry was written for every non-Windows output, macOS
included since --macos landed. It is now written only for Linux output,
and its paths go through Io::NativePath/Utf8Path like the rest of the
relinker. An end-to-end test relinks for Linux, macOS and Windows.
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
The icon, title and output path are checked before the ELF is written,
so a malformed icon0.png or param.json leaves no output behind. Paths
with control characters are refused instead of producing an invalid
entry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
ELF has no icon resource, so when sce_sys/icon0.png sits beside the input
the relinker copies it next to the output and writes <output>.desktop
(freedesktop Desktop Entry) with that icon. Name is the param.json title
without trademark signs or line breaks, or the output name without
param.json. Exec is quoted per the spec and the entry is marked executable
so file managers launch it. A malformed icon0.png or param.json fails the
relink; without icon0.png nothing extra is written.
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Relinks the ELF modules of extra directories under the module parent directory. Modules the executable or another module needs start with the executable; the others are initialized when the title loads them with sceKernelLoadStartModule, with its start arguments (Windows: __aps5_guest_initialize export; Linux: left out of DT_NEEDED).
Squashed onto main by the reviewer (history had a merge commit).
Rosetta runs AVX2, FMA, BMI1/2, F16C and MOVBE, but, unlike an Intel
host, it has neither RDSEED, CLWB nor RDPID. --to-rosetta converts
everything --to-intel does and lowers these three as well:
- RDSEED becomes RDRAND (the /6 form of the same opcode), which also
returns a random value and sets CF.
- CLWB only writes a cache line back, so it becomes a NOP of the same
length.
- RDPID becomes a load of 0 through an optional stub: Rosetta's TSC_AUX
is a constant, not a processor index, so every thread reports
processor 0. A site with no movable instruction after it for the jump
is kept.
The flag implies --to-intel and conflicts with --windows. It is
independent of --macos: it only changes what the conversion produces, so
--macos alone leaves these instructions as they are, as on an Intel Mac,
and a title for Rosetta is relinked with --macos --to-rosetta. Intel
output is unchanged: the target is a parameter of the converter, Intel by
default.
The MinGW CRT delivers argv to main as ANSI code page bytes, and every narrow string became a filesystem path through the same code page, so a game in a directory with characters outside the code page failed to open (#2692). Read the command line as Unicode (wmain via -municode), keep paths as UTF-8 strings, convert at the filesystem boundaries through Io::NativePath and Io::Utf8Path, and run the --autorun output through CreateProcessW.
(cherry picked from commit 30a5181f8a)
The guest image reader and the module builder already produce a
platform-neutral GuestImage; --macos adds a third writer next to the ELF
and PE ones. The executable and every bundled module become x86-64 Mach-O
files (modules as dylibs in app0/sce_module) that run under Rosetta on
Apple silicon.
FreeBSD code reaches its thread pointer through %fs, which macOS cannot
set, so the writer rewrites each %fs access into a stub that reads the
image's thread pointer from a pthread key and allocates the TLS block on
a thread's first access. Dynamic TLS goes through the image's descriptor
instead of __tls_get_addr. Imports bind by NID to the prx libraries
beside the output, exports and TLS imports use the dynamic symbol names,
and the image's metadata lives in __APS5DATA,__meta.
--macos conflicts with --windows. The macOS runtime that consumes the
output (TLS allocation, libraries built for macOS) comes in separate
changes.
--registry only described the imports of the executable, so a title whose
own modules import system functions (PSN.prx, libc.prx and others) could
not be audited completely. With --registry the relinker now also writes
<output-stem>.<module>.registry.json for every converted guest module.
An entry is written for each relocation against an undefined symbol that
no other bundled module exports, the same test the module builder uses to
decide that a dependency is satisfied by a sibling. Entries carry nid,
library and targetOffset; the symbol name no longer has the # suffix by the
time the module is read, so the NID is the bare 11 characters. The
executable's registry is unchanged.
The test converts two modules where one is provided by its sibling, for
Linux and Windows output, covers the DT_RELA and DT_JMPREL tables, checks
that the same module imports the sibling's function once the sibling is
absent, and that nothing is written without --registry. Registered in
CTest as guest_registry.
Unity titles keep modules the executable needs in Media/Modules
(PPSA12544: Il2cppUserAssemblies.prx and PS5Util.prx), outside sce_module
and prx, so they were left as host libraries and startup failed to load
them. A DT_NEEDED module of the executable that is not in a module
directory is now searched for under the input directory and relinked like
the others; two ELF files with the name are ambiguous. Guest outputs keep
their directory relative to the input instead of only its last component.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Dean